JFIFddDuckySThe Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet today awarded The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2006 to Andrew Fire, PhD, of Stanford University School of Medicine, and Craig C. Mello, PhD, of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, for their discoveries related to RNA interference. Fire, professor of pathology and of genetics at Stanford, is part of a team of researchers credited with recognizing that certain RNA molecules could be used to silence specific genes in animal cells. Since the initial description by Fire, Mello and their colleagues less than eight years ago, this silencing process called RNA interference, or RNAi, has become a widespread research tool and therapeutic lead. 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