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[2005 ³ëº§»ý¸®ÀÇÇлó(The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005), È£ÁÖÀÇ University of Western Australia ´ëÇÐÀÇ QEII Medical CentreÀÇ NHMRC Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ Barry J. Marshall(1951-)°ú È£ÁÖÀÇ J. Robin Warren(1937-)ÀÌ ¼ö»ó,  À̵éÀÇ ¼ö»ó ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ÇÑ ¸¶µð·Î ¿ä¾àÇÑ´Ù¸é ¿ì¸® Àΰ£ À§(Stomach)ÀÇ ÇϺο¡ ÀÖ´Â ÇϺΰ­(Antrum)¿¡ Àü¿°µÈ(Infected) Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ±Õ(bacterium Helicobacter pylori)À» ¹ß°ßÇϰí À̵éÀÌ °á±¹ À§¿°(gastritis)À̳ª ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå-À§±Ë¾ç(peptic ulcer)À» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÑ °ø·Î(for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease)·Î ¼ö»ó. ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¿Í Àΰ£°úÀÇ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë(Interaction between the bacterium and the human host), ´Ù¸¥ ¸¸¼º ¿°ÁõÀ» ¾ß±â½ÃŰ´Â ¹Ì»ý¹°Àû ¿øÀÎ ±Ô¸í¿¡ ¹ÚÂ÷ À¯¹ß(Microbial origin of other chronic inflammatory conditions)(31/Oct/2005)]

2005³â 10¿ù 3ÀÏ ½º¿þµ§ÀÇ ³ëº§»ó¼ö»óÀ§¿øÈ¸°¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ 2005³âµµÀÇ ³ëº§»ý¸®ÀÇÇлó(The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005)Àº È£ÁÖÀÇ University of Western Australia ´ëÇÐÀÇ QEII Medical CentreÀÇ NHMRC Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ Barry J. Marshall(1951-)°ú È£ÁÖÀÇ J. Robin Warren(1937-)¿¡°Ô ¼ö»óµÇ¾ú´Ù. À̵éÀÇ ¼ö»ó ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ÇÑ ¸¶µð·Î ¿ä¾àÇÑ´Ù¸é ¿ì¸® Àΰ£ À§(Stomach)ÀÇ ÇϺο¡ ÀÖ´Â ÇϺΰ­(Antrum)¿¡ Àü¿°µÈ(Infected) Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ±Õ(bacterium Helicobacter pylori)À» ¹ß°ßÇϰí À̵éÀÌ °á±¹ À§¿°(gastritis)À̳ª ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå-À§±Ë¾ç(peptic ulcer)À» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÑ °ø·Î(for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease)·Î ¼ö»óÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 

À̵éÀÇ °ø·Î¸¦ ³ëº§»ó À§¿øÈ¸°¡ ¹àÈù 8°¡ÁöÀÇ ¼ø¼­ ³»¿ëÀ¸·Î ¿ä¾àÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
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1.

¼ö»ó ¿ä¾à

2.

±Ë¾ç(½ÊÀÌÁöÀå ¹× À§) - À̰ÍÀº ÇϳªÀÇ Àü¿°º´ÀÌ´Ù!!(Peptic ulcer - an infectious disease!!)

3.

Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®°¡ Æò»ý Àü¿°À» ÀÏÀ¸ÄÑ(Helicobacter pylori causes life-long infection)

4.

Àü¿°Àº º¸Åë ¾Æ¹«·± ¡Èĵµ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸ ±Ë¾çÀÇ ¿øÀÎ(The infection is usually asymptomatic but can cause peptic ulcer)

5.

¾Ç¼ºÀº Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® Àü¿°°ú °ü·Ã(Malignancies associated with Helicobacter pylori infection)

6.

º´Àΰ¡ ¾Æ´Ñ°¡? ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¿Í Àΰ£°úÀÇ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë(Disease or not ? interaction between the bacterium and the human host)

7.

Ç×»ýÁ¦ Ä¡·á ±×·¯³ª °ÅºÎ¹ÝÀÀ(Antibiotics cure but can lead to resistance)

8.

´Ù¸¥ ¸¸¼º ¿°ÁõÀ» ¾ß±â½ÃŰ´Â ¹Ì»ý¹°Àû ¿øÀÎ ±Ô¸í¿¡ ¹ÚÂ÷(Microbial origin of other chronic inflammatory conditions?)

9.

Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®ÀÇ Àü¿°-¿°Áõ-±Ë¾ç ¹ß»ý °úÁ¤

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1. ¼ö»ó ¿ä¾à

2005³âÀÇ ³ëº§»ý¸®ÀÇÇлóÀº À§(À§¿°, stomach, gastritis) ¿°ÁõÀ̳ª À§-½ÊÀÌÁöÀåÀÇ ¼ÒÈ­¼º ±Ë¾ç(ulceration of the stomach or duodenum, = peptic ulcer disease)Àº ¹Ù·Î Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ±Õ(bacterium Helicobacter pylori)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Àü¿°µÈ °á°ú ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ±Ô¸íÇÑ µÎ ºÐÀÇ °úÇÐÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¼ö»óµÇ¾ú´Ù.

Robin Warren(1937-)Àº È£ÁÖ Perth¿¡ »ç´Â º´¸®ÇÐÀÚ·Î(pathologist), ±×°¡ ½ÇÁ¦ ½ÇÇè Áø°Ë(biopsies)ÇÑ È¯ÀÚµéÀÇ 50%¿¡¼­, ±×µéÀÇ À§ÀÇ ÇϺΠºÎºÐÀÎ ÇϺΰ­(Antrum)¿¡ Àü¿°µÇ¾î ÀÌ ºÎºÐÀ» Àå¾ÇÇÑ(colonizing) ¾ÆÁÖ ÀÛÀº °î¼± ¸ð¾çÀÇ ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¸¦ ¹ß°ß °üÂûÇß´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ß°ßÀº ´ë´ÜÈ÷ Áß¿äÇÑ °üÂû(crucial observation)·Î À§ Á¡¸·(gastric mucosa) °¡±îÀÌ¿¡ ÀÌµé ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ°¡ Á¸ÀçÇϸé Ç×»ó ¿°Áõ(inflammation)ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¹àÇô³½ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 

[±×¸² : 1979³â È£ÁÖÀÇ º´¸®ÇÐÀÚ ·Îºó ¿ö·± ¾¾°¡ À§¿°À» ¾Î°í Àִ ȯÀÚÀÇ À§¿¡¼­ óÀ½ ¹ß°ßÇÑ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀϷθ®. À§¿Í ½ÊÀÌÁöÀåÀÇ °æ°è ºÎºÐÀÎ À§ÀÇ À¯¹®(ÆÄÀϷθ®) ºÎÀ§¿¡ »ç´Â ³ª¼±(Ç︮ÄÚ) ¸ð¾çÀÇ ¼¼±Õ(¹ÚÅÍ)À̶õ ¶æÀÌ´Ù. Å©±â´Â 2¡­7¥ìm(¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¹ÌÅÍ·100¸¸ºÐÀÇ 1m). ¸ö¿¡ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Â ¿©·¯ °³ÀÇ ±â´Ù¶õ µ¹±â(Æí¸ð)¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ À§ Á¡¾×ÃþÀ» Ȱ¹ßÇÏ°Ô ÇìÁý°í ´Ù´Ñ´Ù. Åë»ó À½½Ä¹°, Ű½º µîÀ» ÅëÇØ ÀÔÀ¸·Î Àü¿°µÈ´Ù°í ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. »çÁø Á¦°ø ´º¿å ÇåÅÍÄ®¸®Áö ¹× µ¿¾ÆÀϺ¸(07/Oct/2005)]

Barry Marshal(1951-)Àº Çѱ¹ ¾ßÄí¸£Æ®ÀÇ ±¤°í¿¡µµ µîÀåÇÏ´Â ÀþÀº ÀÓ»ó °úÇÐÀÚ·Î Warren ¹Ú»çÀÇ ¹ß°ß¿¡ Áö´ëÇÑ °ü½ÉÀ» Ç¥¸íÇÏ°í °øµ¿À¸·Î ¿¬±¸Çϱâ·Î °áÁ¤ÇÏ¿© °á±¹ 100¸íÀÇ È¯ÀÚµéÀ» Á÷Á¢ Áø°ËÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ¸î¹øÀÇ ½ÇÇè°á°ú MarshallÀº Áö±Ý±îÁö ¿­·ÁÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â »õ·Î¿î ¹ÚÅ׸®¶ó Á¾À̶ó´Â(a hitherto unknown bacterial species) »ç½ÇÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¾ú°í, ±× À̸§À» À§ ÇϺΰ­(Antrum)°ú ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå(Duodenum)ÀÇ À¯¹®(Pylorus) »çÀÌ¿¡ ÁÖ·Î ¼­½ÄÇÏ´Â ³ª¼±Çü(Spiral, Helico) ¸ð¾çÀÇ ¼¼±Õ(Bacter)À̶ó´Â ¶æÀÇ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ±Õ(bacterium Helicobacter pylori)À̶ó ¸í¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù.

[±×¸² : ¿ÃÇØ ³ëº§ÀÇÇÐ»ó °øµ¿ ¼ö»óÀÚÀÎ ¹è¸® ¸¶¼È ¹Ú»ç°¡ ¸ðµ¨·Î µîÀåÇÑ Çѱ¹¾ßÄí¸£Æ®ÀÇ ±â´É¼º ¹ßÈ¿À¯ ¡®Àª¡¯ÀÇ ½Å¹®±¤°í. µ¿¾ÆÀϺ¸ ÀÚ·á »çÁø(05/Oct/2005)]

µÎ °úÇÐÀÚ´Â °á±¹ À̵é Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®±ÕÀÌ À§¿°(gastric inflammation), ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå ±Ë¾ç(duodenal ulcer)À̳ª À§ ±Ë¾ç(gastric ulcer)ÀÇ °ÅÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ È¯Àڵ鿡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÈ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» È®ÀÎÇϰí, ÀÌ °á°ú¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î À̵éÀº Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ±ÕÀÌ ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº Áúº´µéÀÇ ¿øÀÎ(aeitology, etilogy)À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» Çа迡 Á¦¾ÈÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.

À§»ê »ý»êÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ¿©(inhibiting gastric acid production) ±Ë¾ç(peptic ulcers)µéÀÌ °íÃÄÁö±âµµ ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¿Í ¸¸¼º ¿°Áõ(chronic inflammation)ÀÌ À§¿¡ ±×´ë·Î ³²¾Æ Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌµé ±Ë¾çµéÀº Á¾Á¾ Àç¹ß(relapsed)µÇ±â ¸¶·ÃÀÌ´Ù. ȯÀÚ Ä¡·á °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ÀÌµé µÎ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº À§·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÌµé ¹ÚÅ׸®¶ó±ÕµéÀ» ¹Ú¸ê(eradicated)Çϱ⸸ Çϸé ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ±Ë¾çÀ̳ª ¿°ÁõµéÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ Ä¡·áµÈ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¹àÇô³Â´Ù. ÀÌµé µÎ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÇ ¼±±¸ÀÚÀûÀÎ ¹ß°ßÀ¸·Î ¿À´Ã³¯ ±Ë¾çµéÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ´õ ÀÌ»ó ¸¸¼º(chronic)À̳ª ±â´É ºÒ±¸ »óŰ¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌµé º´µéÀº À̵éÀÇ ¹æ¹ý À̿ܿ¡ Ç×»ý¹°Áú(antibiotics)À̳ª À§»ê ºÐºñ ¾ïÁ¦Á¦(acid secretion inhibitors)¸¦ ÅëÇØ °íÄ¥ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.

2. ±Ë¾ç(½ÊÀÌÁöÀå ¹× À§) - À̰ÍÀº ÇϳªÀÇ Àü¿°º´ÀÌ´Ù!!(Peptic ulcer - an infectious disease!!)

Marshall°ú WarrenÀº ²ö±â¿Í ±âÁ¸ÀÇ µµ±×¸¶¿¡ µµÀüÇÏ´Â ÁغñµÈ ¸¶À½À¸·Î ±¤¼¶À¯ ³»½Ã°æ°Ë»ç, Á¶Á÷±¸Á¶ »ýüÁø´ÜºÐ¼®À» À§ÇÑ ½Ç¹ö Âø»ö±â¹ý, ±×¸®°í ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î ¹ÚÅ׸®¶ó ¹è¾ç ±â¹ý(fibre endoscopy, silver staining of histological sections and culture techniques for microaerophilic bacteria) µîÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®°¡ ±Ë¾çÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â ÁÖ¿ä º´¿ø±ÕÀ̶ó´Â ¹Ý¹ÚÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ÀÔÁõÇØ³Â´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¸¦ Á÷Á¢ ¹è¾çÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÌµé ÆÄÀ̷θ®±Õµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý °úÇÐÀû ¿¬±¸¿¡ ½±°Ô(amenable) Ȱ¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

À̵éÀÌ ÆÄÀ̷θ®±ÕÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÒ 1982³â ±× ´ç½Ã¿¡¸¸ ÇØµµ ½ºÆ®·¹½º¿Í ¶óÀÌÇÁ½ºÅ¸ÀÏ(stress and lifestyle)ÀÌ ±Ë¾çº´µéÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ¿øÀÎÀ¸·Î °£ÁֵǾú´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌÁ¦ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®±ÕÀÌ ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå ±Ë¾çÀÇ 90% ÀÌ»ó, ±×¸®°í À§ ±Ë¾çÀÇ 80% ÀÌ»óÀ» ¹ßº´½ÃŰ´Â ÁÖ º´¿ø±ÕÀ̶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀÌ È®¸³µÇ¾ú´Ù. Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® Àü¿°°ú À§¿°(gastritis) ¹× ±Ë¾ç°úÀÇ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ °ü°è°¡ ¸¹Àº ȯÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÚ¹ß Âü¿©, Ç×»ýÁ¦ Ä¡·á ¿¬±¸(antibiotic treatment studies), ±×¸®°í ¿ªÇÐ ¿¬±¸(epidemiological studies)·Î ¹àÇôÁ³´Ù.

3. Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®°¡ Æò»ý Àü¿°À» ÀÏÀ¸ÄÑ(Helicobacter pylori causes life-long infection)

Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®´Â ³ª¼±Çü ÇüÅÂÀÇ ¹«°Ô°¡ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Â ±×·¥ À½¼ºÀÇ ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ(a spiral-shaped Gram-negative bacterium)·Î ¸ðµç Àΰ£ÀÇ °ÅÀÇ ¹ÝÀÎ 50% Àΰ£ÀÇ À§¸¦ Á¡·ÉÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. °¢ ³ª¶óÀÇ ºóºÎ°ÝÂ÷³ª »çȸ °æÁ¦¼öÁØ¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸¥µ¥, ¼Òµæ ¼öÁØÀÌ ³ôÀº »çȸ °æÁ¦ ¼±Áø±¹º¸´Ù´Â °³¹ß µµ»ó±¹¿¡¼­ ¸¹ÀÌ Àü¿°µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ƯÈ÷ °³¹ßµµ»ó±¹À̳ª Àú¼Òµæ ±¹°¡µéÀº ¹öÃß¾óÀûÀ¸·Î ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Àü¿°µÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸°íµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ±ÕÀÇ Àü¿°Àº À¯¾Æ±â¿¡ ÀÌ¹Ì Á¤ÇØÁö´Âµ¥, ÁÖ·Î ¾î¸Ó´Ï·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ÆÀÌ¿¡°Ô ÀüÇØÁö¹Ç·Î, ÀÌ ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ ±ÕÀº Æò»ýµ¿¾È À§¿¡ ±×´ë·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ°Ô ¸¶·ÃÀÌ´Ù. À̸¦ ¸¸¼º Àü¿°À̶óÇϴµ¥ ÁÖ·Î À§ÀÇ ¾Æ·¡ºÎºÐÀÎ ÇϺΰ­(Antrum)¿¡¼­ ½ÃÀ۵ȴÙ. Robin Warren¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÃÖÃÊ·Î º¸°íµÈ ÀÌ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®ÀÇ ÃâÇöÀº Ç×»ó À§ Á¡¸·(gastric mucosa) ¿°Áõ°ú °ü·ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ±× °á°ú ¿°Áõ ¼¼Æ÷µéÀÌ ¾ÈÂÊÀ¸·Î ħÅõÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù(Infection is typically contracted in early childhood, frequently by transmission from mother to child, and the bacteria may remain in the stomach for the rest of the person's life. This chronic infection is initiated in the lower part of the stomach (antrum). As first reported by Robin Warren, the presence of Helicobacter pylori is always associated with an inflammation of the underlying gastric mucosa as evidenced by an infiltration of inflammatory cells).

4. Àü¿°Àº º¸Åë ¾Æ¹«·± ¡Èĵµ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸ ±Ë¾çÀÇ ¿øÀÎ(The infection is usually asymptomatic but can cause peptic ulcer)

ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ¿°ÁõÀÇ ½É°¢¼º ¹× ¿°ÁõÀÇ À§Ä¡(severity of this inflammation and its location)´Â Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® Àü¿°À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ß±âµÇ´Â º´µéÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ Á¤º¸°¡ µÈ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® Àü¿°Àº ¾Æ¹«·± ¡Èĸ¦ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ Àü¿°µÈ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¾à 10-15%´Â ¾ðÁ¨°£ ±Ë¾çº´À» °®°Ô µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±Ë¾çµéÀº À§ º¸´Ù´Â ÁÖ·Î ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå¿¡¼­ ¹ßº´µÈ´Ù. °¡Àå ½É°¢ÇÑ ÇÕº´ÁõÀº ÇǸ¦ È긮´Â ±Ë¾çÀ̳ª ±¸¸ÛÀÌ ¶Õ¸®´Â ±Ë¾çÀÌ´Ù(The severity of this inflammation and its location in the stomach is of crucial importance for the diseases that can result from Helicobacter pylori infection. In most individuals Helicobacter pylori infection is asymptomatic. However, about 10-15% of infected individuals will some time experience peptic ulcer disease. Such ulcers are more common in the duodenum than in the stomach itself. Severe complications include bleeding and perforation).

ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ °üÁ¡Àº, Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® Àü¿°¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾ß±âµÈ À§¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ¸Õ ºÎºÐ, Áï, À¯¹®(Pylorus)°ú ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå(Duodenum) »çÀÌÀÇ ¸¸¼º ¿°Áõ(chronic inflammation)Àº Àü¿°ÀÌ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº À§ÀÇ À§ÂÊÀÎ ÁÖ¿äºÎºÐ(corpus)À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ À§»ê »ý»êÀ» Áõ°¡½ÃŲ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù. ±× °á°ú À§ÂÊÀÇ À§»ê »ý»ê Áõ°¡ ºÐºñ´Â °¡Àå Ãë¾àÇÑ ½ÊÀÌÁöÀåÀÇ ±Ë¾ç ¹ß»ýÀÇ ¼ÒÁö¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù(The current view is that the chronic inflammation in the distal part of the stomach caused by Helicobacter pylori infection results in an increased acid production from the non-infected upper corpus region of the stomach. This will predispose for ulcer development in the more vulnerable duodenum).

5. ¾Ç¼ºÀº Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® Àü¿°°ú °ü·Ã(Malignancies associated with Helicobacter pylori infection)

¸î¸î °³Àε鿡¼­ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®´Â À§ÀÇ À§ÂÊ ÁÖ¿äºÎºÐ(corpus)À» Àü¿°½ÃŲ´Ù. ±× °á°ú ¿°ÁõÀÌ ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°Ô ÆÛÀú À§ À§ÂÊÀÇ ±Ë¾ç»Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó À§¾ÏÀ» ¾ß±â½ÃŲ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À§¾ÏÀº Áö³­ ¹Ý¼¼±â µ¿¾È ¸¹Àº ±¹°¡¿¡¼­ ±× ¼ö°¡ Á¡Â÷ ÁÙ¾îµå´Â Ãß¼¼ÀÌÁö¸¸ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¾Ï »ç¸ÁÀ²ÀÇ °üÁ¡¿¡¼­´Â Àü¼¼°èÀÇ 2À§¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù(In some individuals Helicobacter pylori also infects the corpus region of the stomach. This results in a more widespread inflammation that predisposes not only to ulcer in the corpus region, but also to stomach cancer. This cancer has decreased in incidence in many countries during the last half-century but still ranks as number two in the world in terms of cancer deaths).

À§ Á¡¸·ÀÇ ¿°ÁõÀº ¶ÇÇÑ À§¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¸²ÆÄ¼± Á¾¾çÀÎ MALTÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Àӯļ± Á¾¾çµéÀº Ç×»ýÁ¦¸¦ Åõ¾àÇÏ¿© Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®¸¦ ¹Ú¸êÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¸·À» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¾¾çµéÀÇ ¿µ±¸ÀûÀÎ ¼ºÀå¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù(Inflammation in the stomach mucosa is also a risk factor for a special type of lymphatic neoplasm in the stomach, MALT (mucosa associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma. Since such lymphomas may regress when Helicobacter pylori is eradicated by antibiotics, the bacterium plays an important role in perpetuating this tumour).

6. º´Àΰ¡ ¾Æ´Ñ°¡? ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¿Í Àΰ£°úÀÇ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë(Disease or not ? interaction between the bacterium and the human host)

Á¦°¡ º¸±â¿£ ÀÌ 6¹øÂ°ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ¹«¾ùº¸´Ù Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â ´ë¸ñÀÌ´Ù. Áö±Ý±îÁö ¹àÇôÁø Àΰ£ÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷´Â 666Á¶·Î ÃßÁ¤µÈ´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ Àΰ£ÀÇ ¸ö ¾È¿¡´Â ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ µî ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º°¡ 1°æ °³°¡ °°ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µÈ´Ù. ¾ðÁ¨°¡´Â À̵éÀÇ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¿Ïº®ÇÏ°Ô ¹àÇôÁö°ÚÁö¸¸ ¾î¶»°Ô ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º°¡ Á¤»óÀûÀÎ ¼¼Æ÷µéÀÇ ¼öº¸´Ù ¸¹Àº°¡¶ó´Â Áú¹®¿¡ ¸¹Àº °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ¸Å´Þ¸®°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¾î¶² ¶§´Â ÀûÀÌ°í ¾î¶² ¶§´Â µ¿Áö¶ó´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù.

Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ¿ª½Ã Àΰ£¿¡¼­¸¸ Á¸ÀçÇϰí Àΰ£ÀÇ À§ ȯ°æ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ Àß ÀûÀÀÇÏ´Â ¹ÚÅ×À̶óÀÌ´Ù. Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ¿À·ÎÁö Àü¿°µÈ »ç¶÷µé Áß ¼Ò¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¸¸ À§ º´À» ¾Î°Ô µÈ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ Marshall°ú WarrenÀÌ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÑ ÀÌÈÄ ¸¹Àº °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÌ ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¸¦ ÁýÁß ¿¬±¸Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¿Ö ¼Ò¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô¸¸ º´À» ¾ß±â½Ã۴°¡? ±×·¯¸é ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô´Â ¾Çº¸´Ù´Â ¼±ÀûÀÎ ¾î¶² ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ°¡? µû¶ó¼­ Á¶¸¸°£ ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤È®ÇÑ º´¸®¹ß»ýÇÐÀû ¸ÞÄ¿´ÏÁòÀÌ ¹àÇôÁö°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù(Helicobacter pylori is present only in humans and has adapted to the stomach environment. Only a minority of infected individuals develop stomach disease. After Marshall's and Warren's discovery, research has been intense. Details underlying the exact pathogenetic mechanisms are continuously being unravelled).

ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ´Â ±Ø´ÜÀûÀ¸·Î º¯ÇüÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ°í º¯´ö½º·´°í ¸¹Àº ¾ç»ó¿¡¼­ ´Ù¸£°Ô ±âÁúÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é À§ Á¡¸·¿¡ ºÙ¾î Àֱ⵵ ÇÏ°í µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¿°ÁõÀ» ºÒ·¯ ÀÏÀ¸Å³ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ¼³»ç Àü¿°µÈ ÇÑ °³Àο¡¼­µµ ¸ðµç ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ´Â ´Ù ¶È°°Áö ¾Ê´Ù. ¸¸¼º Àü¿° ±â°£ µ¿¾È¿¡µµ  ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ´Â ½Ã°£¿¡ µû¶ó À§ ¼ÓÀÇ º¯È­µÇ´Â ȯ°æ¿¡ µû¶ó ¼øÀÀÀûÀ¸·Î ÀûÀÀÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù(The bacterium itself is extremely variable, and strains differ markedly in many aspects, such as adherence to the gastric mucosa and ability to provoke inflammation. Even in a single infected individual all bacteria are not identical, and during the course of chronic infection bacteria adapt to the changing conditions in the stomach with time).

¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î Àΰ£ÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû º¯ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®¿¡ ´ëóÇÏ´Â ¹Î°¨µµ°¡ ¸ðµÎ Â÷À̰¡ ³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö Mongolian gerbil ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ µ¿¹°¿¡ ½ÇÇèµÈ À¯ÀüÀû ¸ðµ¨ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ Á¶¸¸°£ ÀÌ µ¿¹°ÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû ½ÇÇèÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ±Ë¾ç°ú ¾Ç¼º º¯Çü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸´Â ÀÌµé º´µéÀÇ ¸ÞÄ¿´ÏÁòÀ» Ç® ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ÁÙ °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëµÇ¾îÁø´Ù(Likewise, genetic variations among humans may affect their susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori. Not until recently has an animal model been established, the Mongolian gerbil. In this animal, studies of peptic ulcer disease and malignant transformation promise to give more detailed information on disease mechanisms).

7. Ç×»ýÁ¦ Ä¡·á ±×·¯³ª °ÅºÎ¹ÝÀÀ(Antibiotics cure but can lead to resistance)

Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® Àü¿°Àº Ç×ü Å×½ºÆ®·Î Áø´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ´Â µ¿¾È »ýüÁø´Ü°Ë»ç·Î ÀÌµé ¹ÚÅ׸®¾ÆÀÇ Á¶Á÷À» Áø´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¶ÇÇÑ ³»½Ã°æ ÅõÀÔ ¾øÀÌ ±×Àú È£Èí Å×½ºÆ®·Î À§ ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â È¿¼Ò¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¹ÚÅ׸®¾ÆÀÇ »ý¼ºÀ» Áø´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù(Helicobacter pylori infection can be diagnosed by antibody tests, by identifying the organism in biopsies taken during endoscopy, or by the non-invasive breath test that identifies bacterial production of an enzyme in the stomach).

°Ç°­ÇÑ »ç¶÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®¸¦ ¹Ú¸êÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¹«Â÷º°ÀûÀÎ Ç×»ýÁ¦ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀº ±× Ç×»ýÁ¦¿¡ ÀúÇ×ÇÏ´Â ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ ¶§¹®¿¡ ½É°¢ÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¾ß±â½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®¸¦ ¹Ú¸êÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Ä¡·á´Â À§ ±Ë¾çÀ̳ª ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå ±Ë¾ç¿¡ °ü·ÃµÈ ¾Æ¹«·± ¡Èijª ±â·ÏÀÌ ¾ø´Â ȯÀڵ鿡°Ô´Â ¸Å¿ì Á¦ÇÑÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Ù(An indiscriminate use of antibiotics to eradicate Helicobacter pylori also from healthy carriers would lead to severe problems with bacterial resistance against these important drugs. Therefore, treatment against Helicobacter pylori should be used restrictively in patients without documented gastric or duodenal ulcer disease).

8. ´Ù¸¥ ¸¸¼º ¿°ÁõÀ» ¾ß±â½ÃŰ´Â ¹Ì»ý¹°Àû ¿øÀÎ ±Ô¸í¿¡ ¹ÚÂ÷(Microbial origin of other chronic inflammatory conditions?)

Crohn º´, ±Ë¾ç¼º ´ëÀå¿°, ·ù¸ÓƼ½º¼ºÀÇ °üÀý¿°, ±×¸®°í µ¿¸Æ °æÈ­Áõ µîÀÇ Àΰ£ÀÇ ¸¹Àº º´µéÀº ¹Ù·Î ¸¸¼ºÀû ¿°Áõ¿¡ ±âÀÎÇÏ´Â °ÍµéÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸¸¼ºÀû ¿°Áõ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ º´ Áß¿¡ À̹ø¿¡ ¹ß°ßÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î ±Ë¾ç¼º º´ÀÇ ±â¿ø¿¡ °üÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÌ´Ù. Áï ¹Ì»ý¹°Àû ¿øÀο¡ ±âÀÎÇÏ´Â Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î À̹ø ¹ß°ßÀº ´Ù¸¥ ¸¸¼ºÀû ¿°ÁõÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â ȯ°æÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ¸¹Àº ¹Ì»ý¹°À» ¿¬±¸Çϰí ã¾Æ³»´Âµ¥ Áß¿äÇÑ ¹ßÆÇÀ» Á¦°øÇß´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù(Many diseases in humans such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis are due to chronic inflammation. The discovery that one of the most common diseases of mankind, peptic ulcer disease, has a microbial cause, has stimulated the search for microbes as possible causes of other chronic inflammatory conditions).

¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö È®½ÇÇÑ ´ë´äÀº ¾øÁö¸¸, ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ ¹ßÇ¥µÈ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé Àΰ£ÀÌ °®°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÚÀ²¸é¿ª½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ý»êºÐºñµÇ´Â ¹Ì»ý¹°Àû ºÐºñ¹°µé¿¡ ÀÌ»óÀÌ »ý±â¸é ÀÌ´Â ¹Ù·Î º´À» À¯¹ß½ÃŲ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î À̹ø Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ¹Ì»ý¹° ¹ÚÅ׸®¾ÆÀÇ ¹ß°ßÀº ¸¸¼º Àü¿°, ¸¸¼º ¿°Áõ, ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¾Ï ¹ß»ý »çÀÌÀÇ À¯´ë°ü°è¸¦ Ǫ´Âµ¥ ¸¹Àº °úÇÐÀڵ鿡°Ô °í¹«ÀûÀÎ °ü½ÉÀ» ºÒ·¯ ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Á¶¸¸°£ ¸é¿ª½Ã½ºÅÛ°ú ¹Ì»ý¹° ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºµéÀÇ °ü°è°¡ ¹àÇôÁú °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù(Even though no definite answers are at hand, recent data clearly suggest that a dysfunction in the recognition of microbial products by the human immune system can result in disease development. The discovery of Helicobacter pylori has led to an increased understanding of the connection between chronic infection, inflammation and cancer).

9. Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ®ÀÇ Àü¿°-¿°Áõ-±Ë¾ç ¹ß»ý °úÁ¤

ÀÚ, Áö±Ý±îÁö ¼³¸íÇÑ Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ ¹Ì»ý¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Àü¿° -> ¿°Áõ -> ±Ë¾çÀÇ ¹ß»ý °úÁ¤À¸·Î ±×¸²À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³»¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù. º» ±×¸²Àº ³ëº§»óÀ§¿øÈ¸ÀÇ »çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ ¹ßÃéÇÑ °ÍÀÌ¸ç ±× ¹ø¿ªÀº ´ç»çÀÇ Â÷¿ø¿ë ¼ÒÀåÀÌ Çß´Ù.

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[³ëº§»ó¼±Á¤À§¿øÈ¸ - Press Release: The 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine(03/Oct/2005)]
[³ëº§»ó¼±Á¤À§¿øÈ¸ - Helcobacter Pylori - High resolution image - 02128-03-2005-BIO-01-K.PDF/4.3MB]

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Ű¿öµå : 2005 ³ëº§»ý¸®ÀÇÇлó(The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005), È£ÁÖÀÇ University of Western Australia ´ëÇÐÀÇ QEII Medical CentreÀÇ NHMRC Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ Barry J. Marshall(1951-)°ú È£ÁÖÀÇ J. Robin Warren(1937-)ÀÌ ¼ö»ó,  À̵éÀÇ ¼ö»ó ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ÇÑ ¸¶µð·Î ¿ä¾àÇÑ´Ù¸é ¿ì¸® Àΰ£ À§(Stomach)ÀÇ ÇϺο¡ ÀÖ´Â ÇϺΰ­(Antrum)¿¡ Àü¿°µÈ(Infected) Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ ÆÄÀ̷θ® ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ±Õ(bacterium Helicobacter pylori)À» ¹ß°ßÇϰí À̵éÀÌ °á±¹ À§¿°(gastritis)À̳ª ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå-À§±Ë¾ç(peptic ulcer)À» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÑ °ø·Î(for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease)·Î ¼ö»ó. ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¿Í Àΰ£°úÀÇ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë(Interaction between the bacterium and the human host), ´Ù¸¥ ¸¸¼º ¿°ÁõÀ» ¾ß±â½ÃŰ´Â ¹Ì»ý¹°Àû ¿øÀÎ ±Ô¸í¿¡ ¹ÚÂ÷ À¯¹ß(Microbial origin of other chronic inflammatory conditions)